Íàçâàíèå: Business Grammar Builder. Äåëîâîé àíãëèéñêèé: ãðàììàòèêà (Ë.Â. Êîðóõîâà Í.Í. Íîâîñåëüöåâà) Æàíð: Ãóìàíèòàðíûé Ïðîñìîòðîâ: 3913 |
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Unit 15 questions 1
Yes/no questions and answers A
Questions with the answer yes or no are formed with an auxiliary verb + subject + main verb The auxiliary can be do, be, have or a modal verb like can, will, would. Short answers repeat the auxiliary.
Present simple Present continuous
Past simple
Past continuous Past perfect Present perfect Will Can
A: Do you speak French? A: Are you staying at the Metropole? A: Did you check all the invoices? A: Were you living in Rome at the time? A: Had you already left when I phoned? A: Have you seen my new PalmPilot? A: Will you be back before lunch? A: Can you speak French?
B: Yes, I do. /No, I don’t. B: Yes, I am. /No, I’m not.
B: Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.
B: Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
B: Yes, I had. /No, hadn’t.
B: Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
B: Yes, I will. /No, I won’t.
B: Yes, I can. /No, I can’t.
Have Yale’s applications been rising over the past couple of years? Do you accept people into your MBA program without any work experience? Can you give applicants any advice on the best ways of securing scholarships?
The main verb be comes before the subject in a question. Is it time for the meeting? Are you ready? Was it a useful trip?
Question word questions B
Question words are: what, when, where, which, who, whose, why and how. The key to production in the future will be partnership. One does not begin with the question ‘What do I want?’ and then ‘How do I persuade these people?’ One begins with the question ‘What do they want?’ and then ‘How can this be made to fit into our common purpose?’
After the question word we use the same structure as a yes/no question: auxiliary verb + subject + main verb.
(= contact someone by telephone) Present simple Present continuous Past simple Past continuous Past perfect
Present perfect
Will Can When do you usually leave work? Which projects are you working on at the moment? Whose car did you borrow? Where were you living at the time? How much research had you done before the product launch? Why have you decided to cut back on investment this year? When will you be back? What languages can you speak?
Question phrases C
We often use what and which with a noun: What time are you arriving? What areas do we need to cover in the meeting? What sectors look promising at this time? What implications would there be if the price of oil continues to rise?
Which is more usual with people and organisations, and when there is a limited number of possible answers: Which customer service representative were you speaking to? Which courier service did we use last time? Which way is it?
We can use which of or which one: Which of the proposals did you accept? Which one did you accept?
We cannot use what in this way.
We can make phrases with how: how many how much, how old, how far how often, how long, how fast. How often do you travel abroad on business? Íîw long will the meeting last? How important are the municipal election? How much will the Brazilian economy grow next year and in what areas?
Question words as the subject D Sometimes the question word is the subject of the sentence: Who did you meet in Argentina? (you is the subject) Who met you at the airport? (who is the subject, you is the object)
When a question word is the subject of a question do not use do/does/did. What happened? Who works here? (What and Who are the subjects) What did you do? Who do I pay? (you and I are the subjects)
Note that auxiliaries other than do/does/did can be used, but there is no subject pronoun because the question word is the subject. What has happened? (NOT What it has ...) What will happen? (NOT What it will...)
Negative questions E
We use negative questions to disagree politely. But don’t you think that different societies have a different appetite for social cohesion or social disruption? Isn’t there a limit in what one can introduce from the US to Europe in terms of the new economy? (Economist website)
We use negative questions when we expect the answer to be ‘no’. In social English this makes it easier for the other person to reply politely. A: Do you like Japanese food? B: No, not really. (the answer seems very strong) A: Don’t you like Japanese food? B: No, not really. (the answer seems more polite)
We use negative questions to show surprise. Don’t you accept American Express? PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Exercise 1 (A, B, D) Underline the correct words.
1 Spoke you / Did you speak with Lara yesterday? 2 What did Lara say / said when you spoke to her? 3 A: Do you like Scotch whisky? B: Yes, I like. / Yes, I do. 4 How works this machine? / does this machine work? 5 Who set up Microsoft / did set up Microsoft? 6 When set up Microsoft / did Microsoft set up? 7 Who did telephone me / telephoned me this morning? 8 Who you telephoned / did you telephone this morning?
Exercise 2 (A) Expand the And you? questions to make full yes/no questions.
1 I’ve seen the news today. And you? ….. 2 I walk from home. And you? ….. 3 I can understand German. And you? ….. 4 I’ve already had lunch. And you? ….. 5 I’ll be back in time for lunch. And you? ….. 6 I’m enjoying the conference. And you? ….. 7 I agreed with her. And you? ….. 8 I’ve never spoken to Pierre. And you? …..
Exercise 3 (B) Expand the And you? questions to make full question word questions.
6 I’ll have the steak. And you? What ….. ?
Exercise 4 (B) Write a question for each answer.
1 ….. 2 ….. 3 ….. 4 ….. 5 ….. 6 ….. 7 ….. 8 …..
Get to work? At about 8.30 usually. Done! I haven’t done anything! The report? I put it over there. Here? I stay here because the pay is good. Yesterday? I was feeling awful. Staying? I’m staying at the Ritz. Report to? I report to Bob Taylor. This bag? I think it’s Helen’s.
Exercise 5 (A, B) Rearrange the words in each group from the list to make questions. Then match them to the answers below to make a complete dialogue.
1 A: ….. B: Yes, I’m here on a sales trip. 2 A: ….. B: I work for a small biotech company.
B: It’s very comfortable actually, and the restaurant is good.
Exercise 6 (B, C, E) Complete the dialogue with question words and question phrases from the list below.
SAM So, tell me about your new job. (1) ….. work is it? JOE: It’s in sales, like my last job, but it’s a bigger company. SAM: Really? (2) ….. people work there? JOE: I suppose there’s about 60 people in our office. SAM: Oh, yeah. And (3) ..… holiday can you take a year? JOE: Twenty-four days a year plus public holidays. SAM: Oh, that’s much better than your last job. And (4) ….. is it from your home? JOE: Well, it’s really not that far and I don’t have to catch the train to work every morning, which is great.
SAM: Oh, lucky you. So, (5) .…. does it take you to get to work in the morning now? JOE: About 20 minutes by car. SAM: Wow. It sounds perfect. (6) ….. time do you start work in the mornings? JOE: About nine. But sometimes I have to go on sales trips at the weekends as well. SAM: Oh? (7) ….. idea was that? JOE: I don’t know, it’s just something you have to do. SAM: And (8) ..… do you have to do it? JOE: About once a month I think. They’re going to give me a company car.
(= put it right) SAM: Really! (9) ….. model are they going to give you? JOE: A Golf, I think - and I can choose the colour. SAM: Oh, and (10) ….. colours are there? JOE: Well, I can choose between black and dark blue. SAM: Only two! So, (11) ….. one do you prefer? JOE: Well, dark blue sounds better than black. SAM: Hmm, yeah. Well, congratulations, I’m sure you’ll do really well.
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